The Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering in Potsdam-Golm covers with its departments „Molecular Bioanalytics & Bioelectronics", „Nanobiotechnology & Nanomedicine" and „Cellular Biotechnology and Biochips" the research fields of molecular diagnostics, of lab-on-chip equipment development but also nanobiotechnology and extremophile research. In vitro diagnostics play a central role for medical care, and prospectively, as an important application field of molecular bioanalytics it is the basis of individual medicine. In the future, in vitro diagnostics will be a crucial element of a modern provision of medical care. Among others, the institute develops systems that ensure a careful handling of cells and the control of their behaviour through surface contacts. In the context of regenerative medicine, such systems can be especially useful for medical provision, early diagnosis, and improvement of therapies.